Unicode string normalization

-- Default normalization (NFC)

SELECT normalize('café');

-- Explicit normalization form

SELECT normalize('café', NFC);   -- Canonical composition (default)

SELECT normalize('café', NFD);   -- Canonical decomposition

SELECT normalize('file', NFKC);  -- Compatibility composition

SELECT normalize('file', NFKD);  -- Compatibility decomposition

For more details on Unicode normalization forms, see the Unicode Standard documentation.

• Text comparison: Ensure strings with different Unicode representations of the same characters compare as equal
• Data cleaning: Standardize text input from various sources that may use different Unicode encodings
• Compatibility: Convert special characters like ligatures (fi → fi) to their compatible forms

This feature is particularly useful when working with international data where the same visual character can have multiple Unicode representations.

For more information, see our official documentation.